KnowledgeDose strives to help support healthcare professionals, trainees and university students in their everyday practices, studies and professional development. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration . So, for local and systematic affect … 7. (v) Application of drugs in eye, ear, throat, rectum, vagina and intrauterine administration of drugs in case of metritis and pyometra. January 2018; DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99593-9_6. Drugs administered orally are placed in the mouth and swallowed. Thus administration involves risk of infection, pain, and local irritation. A volatile drug has been administrated in this method. Administration beneath the skin; hypodermic.  Synonymous with the term subdermal or hypodermal. Absorption is the movement of a drug from its site of administration to the bloodstream whilst bioavailability is the fraction of the administered drug which enters the systemic circulation. The mouth route is the most commonly used route of drug administration due to the ease in which the drugs can be taken. 13. Examina el tablero de recortes routes of drug administration de Santhosh Tamilarasan en SlideShare, o crea uno propio y comienza a recortar tus diapositivas favoritas. Another kind of route of drug administration is known as transdermal, or through the skin. The orally administered medicines are mostly absorbed in the small intestine, and to some extent in the sto… Drug delivery by inhalation is a common route, both for local and for systemic actions. Intravenous Route. Special slow-release matrices in some transdermal patches can maintain steady drug concentrations that approach those of constant IV infusion. Administration within the cerebrospinal fluid at any level of the cerebrospinal axis, including injection into the cerebral ventricles. The drug is absorbed from the blood vessels that lie under the tongue and enters the systemic circulation directly, thus avoiding first-pass metabolism. The oral route is considered as the first choice of route of drug administration as it is most convenient, cheap and usually a safe method of drug administration. There are several scenarios in which the rectal route of drug administration may become the route of choice due to one of the following characteristics: 1. Routes of administration of a drug are determined by its physical and chemical properties, patient characteristics and the rapidity of response desired. A peripheral IV is preferred for drug and fluid administration unless central line access is already available. The transdermal route is commonly referred to as “the patch” because the medication is contained in a patch that is absorbed through the skin. 1) Oral. You will get here Advantages and disadvantages of routes of drug administration. It is the most common route of taking drugs. The principal method of giving drugs is by mouth (oral route), and doses which are not otherwise specified are assumed to be oral doses. Sublingual and buccal routes are of value when the medication concerned is destroyed or partially inactivated in the stomach if swallowed and when a more rapid action is required. The different forms of ayurvedic medicines Aasav, Arishta, Choorn / Churn, Ghrita, Gugullu, Kwaath / Kaada, Mandoor, Pishti, Rasrasayan, Avaleha, Parpati, Vati, Ghansatva, Lauh, etc. 1) Via injection. In this guide, we summarise the most common routes used to administer drugs, the advantages and disadvantages of each drug route and examples of dosage forms that are used to deliver the active drug to the intended site of action in the body. Oral route. Routes of Medication Administration n general, two categories of medication administration exist: parenteral and nonparenteral. syrups, elixirs, suspensions, Generally safe route of drug administration, Drug absorption may vary. Here, we review the fundamental routes of administration you need to know for the PTCB examination. ), inhalational and transdermal routes. 3. ointments, creams, liquids, powders, solutions, shampoos, Systemic side effects/drug interactions avoided or reduced, Some preparations may be messy or difficult to apply, Some dermatological preparations are time-consuming to apply, Adverse drug reactions to excipients contained in the dosage form, May be difficult for some patients to administer themselves, This route may be considered time-consuming by the patient as they need to remain on their side/tilt the ear for a few minutes after instillation of ear drops, May cause temporary blurring of vision upon instillation of eye drops/ointment, Barriers to administration e.g. It can be given as direct injection or infusion. Generally routes of drug administration refer to the right path or the required route through which a drug has to be administered into the body to obtain maximum benefit. Major routes are oral, parenteral and topical. Drugs administered through this route include fentanyl patches for severe pain management, nitroglycerin transdermal patch used to prevent episodes of angina in people who have coronary artery disease, nicotine patches for cessation of smoking, etc. Vaginal Route 11. We create and share clinical content that is accessible, engaging and concise. The main routes of drug administration include: This is the most frequently used route for drug administration. Drugs for topical applications are usually available as creams, ointments, liniments, and drops. The important site of drug administration is the parenteral method, which includes all forms of injections. The oral route is the most frequently used route of medicines administration and is the most convenient and cost-effective (Dougherty and Lister, 2015). Rectal: Drugs given through the rectum by suppositories or enema. In C. Aguwa and J. Ogbuokiri (Eds. Read more on Oral Administration of Drugs:  Advantages and Disadvantages. Enteral Route: Drug administration by mouth and tube feeding using nasogastric, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy tubes. 3. Drugs administered through this route must be highly lipophilic. This is the method of administration of volatile anesthetics such as ether, halothene, and methoxyflurane. Route of administration and dosage form are aspects of drug delivery. WINDOWPANE is the live-streaming social network that turns your phone into a live broadcast camera for streaming to friends, family, followers, or everyone. 2. Drugs are introduced into the body by several routes. The rectum is the ending portion of the large intestine, approximately 15 cm long, from the colon to the anal sphincters. Cheap; Generally safe route of drug administration Administration within or into a vein or veins. So, The drugs available in form of tablets, capsules, syrups, etc easily administrated through this route. Oral agents must be able to withstand the acidic environment of the stomach and must permeate the gut lining before entering the bloodstream. glyceryl trinitrate SL tablet, Sublingual sprays e.g. 2013. Administration within an artery or arteries. Most drugs that are given orally are absorbed into the circulation from the gastrointestinal tract very efficiently within the limits of the physicochemical properties of the drug concerned. Routes of Medication Administration. Most drugs can be administered by a variety of routes. Injectable preparations are usually sterile solutions or suspensions of drug in water or other suitable physiologically acceptable vehicles. Here is the list of 5, 10+ outes of drug administration. It is also used when we have to avoid the whole body circulation and when we need to target/action … In both cases, the drug is allowed to dissolve, avoiding swallowing as far as possible. The local route is the simplest mode of administration of a drug at the site where the desired action is required. (vi) Administration of liquid medicament per rectum (enema). Anal route. syrups, elixirs, suspensions; Advantages of the Oral Route. Parenteral route refers to any route other than gastrointestinal, but is commonly used to indicate … The "Pharmaceutical Drug Delivery Market by Route of Administration, Application, End-User, and Geography - Global Forecast up to 2026" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering. This delivery route is particularly useful for the direct treatment of asthmatic problems, using both powder aerosols (e.g. For small therapeutic molecules, various routes for drug administration are parenteral (intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous), oral, nasal, ocular, transmucosal (buccal, vaginal, and rectal), and transdermal. 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