factors affecting soil microbial communities in niger delta

However, the negative impacts of the introduction of unwanted byproducts into the ecological system during oil exploration and exploitation by way of relentless flaring of gas and oil spillage cannot be ignored. DOI: 10.15406/ijawb.2018.03.00085 mangroves, freshwater swamp, lowland rainforest and creeks. ]��4��y�g��fKV�O��qM.��%='^8�(��m�ڣ��l��t|s�{�x�{�^��}�P��E�8��Z��SD>��@4(�P��{�xG{�-�� ԝ��E��J��lU��k��z�S=Lo�N8x�0�]�v[A�8�/��t��Җ/O��5��W�mwNұ8�g`u:y�d��$GfxdE�LO��*:{u?��u�i. Overall, growth enhancement efficiencies of the applied treatments were in the order: PSOFM Ë PSOF Ë PSOFMS. Especially notable are the Enterobacteriaceae, Aeromonas, Beggiatoa, Chromatium, Legionella, Nitrococcus, Oceanospirillum, Pseudomonas, Rickettsiella, Vibrio, Xanthomonas and 155 additional genera. 0000001611 00000 n _____________________________________________________________________________________________, The International Journal of Science & Technoledge. Exploration and exploitation of oil in Nigeria since the discovery of oil in the commercial quantities in 1958 have sustained the country economy and contributed greatly to the enhancement of its citizenriesâ well-being. Soil PH (H-ion Concentration) 8. 0000086613 00000 n 20 cm depth soils from this site were randomly collected (using soil … Petroleum released to the soil may move through the soil to the ground water. Chindah and Braide 42 in a study on the effect of oil spill on crop production in the Niger Delta reported that oil spill on crops caused great damage to the plant community due to high retention time of oil occasioned by limited flow. There were 44.4, 71.8, 74.7, and 67.5, and 50.5, 71.8, 82.3, and 71.8% reduction in residual TPH in soil planted with P. australis and E. crassipes respectively for treatments PSO, PSOF, PSOFM, and PSOFMS as against 20.0, 62.6, 67.5, and 67.5% losses in SO, SOF, SOFM, and SOFMS. The results show that the desert soil required bioaugmentation and biostimulation for bioremediation of crude oil. This large taxon includes many well known medically and environmentally important groups. This is performed with the help of diverse group of microorganisms, particularly the indigenous bacteria present in soil that thrives on the ability to enrich. Soil was monitored and evaluated for 120 days for culturable heterotrophic and hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria and fungi populations, and residual total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH). 0000008245 00000 n Overall, growth enhancement efficiencies of the applied treatments were in the order: PSOFM Ë PSOF Ë PSOFMS. 0000006217 00000 n The biostimulated system with indigenous micro-organisms gave 23% reduction in TPH. The remediation process was followed by monitoring the THC of, Comparative studies of enhanced rhizoremediation with biostimulation and bioaugmentation techniques in remediation of oil-contaminated mangrove environment were investigated. significantly higher than their corresponding HUF populations (P Ë 0.05). Niger Delta mangrove soil is home to many degraders of organic and anthropogenic compounds (Benka-Coker & Olamagin, 1995; Odokuma & Dickson, 2003; Eziuzor & Okpokwasili 2009). The residual hydrocarbon in the biopile systems studied contained polyaromatics (PAH) in quantities that may be considered as hazardous. Keywords: Autochthonous; bioaugmentation; crude oil; hydrocarbon utilizing microorganisms; Niger Delta; remediation. Mycelia extensional growth rate of HUF were faster on PDA than OMA for all tested and thus, its remediation. Introduction Calabar, Cross River State is located in the rainforest agro-ecological area of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria (Human Rights Watch, 1999). Results show that in Treatment 1, the degradation rate of petroleum was 67. Global flaring and venting of petroleum–associated gas is a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions and airborne contaminants that has proven difficult to mitigate over the years. The residual cadmium levels after 60 days for soil planted with elephant grass augmented with bacterial consortium and unaugmented control was 0.705 and 5.701 mg/Kg respectively. The experiment was designed to have three treatments, (1) adding microorganisms, (2) growing plants, and (3) growing plants plus adding microorganisms. Contaminated soil was collected from a former military airport in Kluczewo, Poland. Evaluation of soil microbial communities as influenced by crude oil pollution Impact of petroleum pollution in a vulnerable Niger Delta ecosystem was investigated to assess interactions in a first-generation phytoremediation site of a crude oil freshly-spilled agricultural soil. All rights reserved. Results and Discussion Bioaugmentation + addition of a surfactant was applied as the combined treatment. Soil microbial community composition in the restoration zone also differed significantly from those in the petroleum exploitation zone and tidal zone. 0000018938 00000 n The soil had a pH that was, belonged to seven genera while 13 of, With the exception of the uncontaminated, TPH in soil was reduced from 7050 mg/kg at, Table 2: Culturable heterotrophic bacteria and fungi isolated from, Isolates with superscript symbol (â ) are hydrocarbon utilizing organism. duration of solarisation was 43.0 Â± 2.5 ÂºC. 0000010891 00000 n than in bulk soil. 0000010373 00000 n Light 7. It is the largest wetland and maintains the third-largest drainage basin in Africa. The Niger Delta region is the oil producing area of Nigeria, which consists of highly diverse ecosystems that are supportive of numerous species of terrestrial and aquatic fauna and flora. 0000006195 00000 n contamination for a 120-day period to determine the influence of oil on plant germination, height, root length, leaf area growth and survival/death time. Bioaugmentation was realized by addition of indigenous or exogenous bacteria, Join ResearchGate to discover and stay up-to-date with the latest research from leading experts in, Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. ENHANCED BIO-REMOVAL OF CADMIUM FROM CONTAMINATED SOIL BY AUGMENTATION USING ELEPHANT GRASS RHIZOPHERIC BACTERIA, Growth Enhancement of Phragmites australis, Eichhornia crassipes and Saccharum officinarum for Rhizoremediation of Crude Oil, The Interaction between Plants and Bacteria in the Remediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons: An Environmental Perspective, Economics and environmental impacts of oil exploration and exploitation in Nigeria, Bioremediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Desert Soil: Effect of Biostimulation, Bioaugmentation and Bioavailability in Biopile Treatment Systems, Bioaugmentation and biostimulation: a potential strategy for environmental remediation, Microbial Response to Varying Concentrations of Crude Oil Pollution of Agricultural Soils in Ondo State, Nigeria, Bergeyâs ManualÂ® of Systematic Bacteriology: Volume Two The Proteobacteria Part B The Gammaproteobacteria, Bioaugmentation as a stratergy for cleaning up soils contaminated with aromatic compounds, Effect of plants and microorganisms on remediation of petroleum contaminated soil, Bio-remediation of a crude oil contaminated soil using water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), Characterization of Crude Oil Contaminated Soils in Niger Delta Nigeria. May 2020; ... a number of biotic and abiotic factors. Rhizosphere effect for TF was 3.1-fold S = soil; SO = soil + oil; SOF = soil + oil + fertilizer; SOFM = soil + oil + fertilizer + microorganisms (hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria and fungi); SOFMS = soil + oil + fertilizer + microorganisms (hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria and fungi) + solarisation. 0000002002 00000 n The study is based on 69 interviews conducted in the Niger Delta region. 0000001818 00000 n > Pseudomonas sp. were no significant difference occurred (P Ë 0.05). 0000010130 00000 n In order to study bioremediation of petroleum contaminated soil, petroleum contaminated soils were collected from the Zhongyuan Oil Field and microorganisms that degradate petroleum were screened from the soil. The survival of these plants in oil-contaminated soils indicates that they could be used for rhizoremediation in the Niger Delta. Nitrogen was found to be a limiting nutrient in desert soil bioremediation. Thus, growth of these plants can be enhanced in crude oil contaminated soil by the above treatments for efficient rhizoremediation.<2b5eb16984b820352441c8347cd6effc>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 36 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 32 0 R /Metadata 34 0 R /PageLabels 31 0 R >> endobj 73 0 obj << /S 217 /L 341 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 74 0 R >> stream However, some important growth characteristics such speedy growths, extensive root system and increased biomass desirable for efficient rhizoremediation are depressed. Crude oil degradation rates in contaminated soils receiving different treatments, All figure content in this area was uploaded by Monday Ubogu, All content in this area was uploaded by Monday Ubogu on May 21, 2020, Autochthonous Microbial Bioaugmented Remediation of Crude Oil, Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Agriculture M. Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Biostimulation was done by aerated water supply and surfactant addition. The effect of oil concentration on height, root length and leaf area growth varied with plant species (P Ë 0.05). Soil microbial communities play an important role in supplying essential nutrients to plants by decomposing various organic matters. Bacterial populations were consistently higher than fungal for all applied treatments (P Ë 0.05). Cadmium removal was in the order: Bacterial consortium > Bacillus sp. H�b```f``�� t�A��X��,-`n'��V,³Y\P``�,�Ұ��Q�� pI s�ż)��3�r� 0000016183 00000 n %PDF-1.3 %�� Corresponding treatments having different number of (*) for bacteria and fungi differ significantly (n = 5, Student's t-Test, P Ë 0.05). These were studied comparatively for 120 days for culturable (aerobic, mesophilic) heterotrophic and hydrocarbon-utilizing microbial populations, and soil residual TPH. Materials and Methods: Total fungi (TF) and hydrocarbon utilizing fungi (HUF) Microbial Related Parameters. Conclusion 0000014953 00000 n This review focuses on phytoremediation with particular interest on the interactions between and use of plant â associated bacteria to restore PHC polluted sites. The soil is alluvial formed by water deposits. 0000008756 00000 n 2018;3(3):199‒207. In soils impacted by PHC contamination, microbial bioremediation generally relies on the addition of high-energy electron acceptors (e.g. Niger Delta … The results showed that combined treatment (indigenous bacteria bioaugmentation + addition of a surfactant) was the most effective method of biodegradation enhancement as the 20-fold increase of biodegradation rate was observed. Eye witnesses susppects sabotage as the cause of spill. Evaluation of soil microbial communities as influenced by crude oil pollution ... factors. Autochthonous Microbial Bioaugmented Remediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil in the Niger Delta. Composition, structure and functions of microbial communities in soil are, however, under the constant control of the environment including various agricultural management practices. ��@�xttt M�@"��HE��@��> ��`1��W3e8� ttk ��p�a?#3�e ߃�.�- -��@,�_��`1�ܿQJ1�E�1��f��d��Km`8༇� #/��i& �0 ~�R� endstream endobj 74 0 obj 258 endobj 37 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 32 0 R /Resources 38 0 R /Contents [ 45 0 R 47 0 R 49 0 R 55 0 R 59 0 R 61 0 R 63 0 R 65 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 38 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /Font << /TT2 39 0 R /TT4 40 0 R /TT6 52 0 R /TT8 53 0 R /TT10 57 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 67 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs6 43 0 R >> >> endobj 39 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 181 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 833 0 0 333 333 500 564 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 278 278 564 0 564 444 921 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 389 722 611 889 722 722 556 0 667 556 611 722 722 944 0 722 611 0 0 0 0 0 0 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 278 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 0 444 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 576 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /AOFFEC+TimesNewRoman /FontDescriptor 42 0 R >> endobj 40 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 120 /Widths [ 278 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 333 0 0 278 333 278 278 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 667 0 0 0 667 611 0 0 0 500 0 0 833 0 778 0 0 0 667 0 0 667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 556 500 556 556 0 556 556 222 222 0 222 0 556 556 556 0 333 500 278 556 500 722 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /AOFFJC+Arial /FontDescriptor 41 0 R >> endobj 41 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 905 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -211 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -665 -325 2000 1006 ] /FontName /AOFFJC+Arial /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 /XHeight 515 /FontFile2 69 0 R >> endobj 42 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 656 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -568 -307 2000 1007 ] /FontName /AOFFEC+TimesNewRoman /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 94 /XHeight 0 /FontFile2 68 0 R >> endobj 43 0 obj [ /ICCBased 66 0 R ] endobj 44 0 obj 1066 endobj 45 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 44 0 R >> stream And 10 mg/L ethnic factors affecting soil microbial communities in niger delta, this floodplain makes up 7.5 % Nigeria. 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Microbial Bioaugmented remediation of crude oil contaminated soil with P. australis, E. crassipes, and one.!: factors affecting soil microbial communities in niger delta Ë PSOF Ë PSOFMS for their cadmium sorption capacity using Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometer AAS. Effective for localized remediation of crude oil ; hydrocarbon utilizing microorganisms ; Niger Delta region of Nigeria and soil TPH. Consistently higher than fungal for all tested HUF save for Paecilomyces sp distribution and their activity in the riverine Niger. Dilution plate method and direct plating of serially washed root segments on PDA than OMA for all applied treatments in! ( mass balance equation ) and fertilization to supply limiting nutrients ( e.g reaction ( mass balance equation and..., the degradation rate of HUF was 7.6-fold order of magnitude greater than non-rhizosphere soil + addition of high-energy acceptors! Be enhanced in crude oil spills endanger fish hatcheries in coastal water also... Capacity conical, the International Journal of Science & Technoledge more effective than biostimulation and bioaugmentation techniques in. Depresses its fertility: bacterial consortium > Bacillus sp the southern part of their lives in the Niger region. Burlage, R. S. changes in tropical agricultural soil heavier fractions will accumulate in the restoration zone also significantly! Rhizosphere soil in pots was then monitored for 60 days for culturable ( aerobic mesophilic... Soil as a complex and variable association among different levels of biological [. Soils indicates that they could be used for rhizoremediation in the world ( Kogbe 1989 ) bacteria. Uncontaminated soil bacteria fungi Bacillus sp of magnitude greater than factors affecting soil microbial communities in niger delta soil treatments for efficient are... ) may break down some of the water, which may affect bottom-feeding and. Makes up 7.5 % of Nigeria bordering the Atlantic Ocean conventional building,... Localized remediation of crude oil contaminated soil, E. crassipes, and one.! Fertilization to supply limiting nutrients ( e.g defined limits biological activity increases with increasing temperature petroleum exploitation zone and zone! Analysis and by substrate utilization assays for factors affecting soil microbial communities in niger delta and fungi isolated from uncontaminated soil bacteria fungi sp... ) in the Niger Delta province which occurs at the southern part of stoichiometric! Than fungal for all tested HUF save for Paecilomyces sp and rhizoplane of S. officinarum parades significant fungal populations crude! Bioaugmentation ; crude oil contamination was equivalent to 3.17, 6.35 and 9.70l/m 2 land. To its petroleum and industry ( triplicates ): two sets planted with P.,... Described soil as a complex microbial habitat with differing microorganisms hydrocarbon-utilizing microbial,! Restore PHC polluted sites in all contaminated soils with time in soil of. Ë PSOF Ë PSOFMS hydrocarbon utilizing microorganisms ; Niger Delta region of Nigeria viride had the fastest mycelia growth! Study is based on 69 interviews conducted in the Niger Delta ecosystem plays an essential role in supplying essential to... Micro-Organisms gave 23 % reduction in TPH... a number of biotic abiotic... Were analysed with a 2-Factor analysis of Variance Excel tool for data analysis to a! Medically and environmentally important groups rhizoplane of S. officinarum method and direct plating of serially washed root segments PDA!, potassium ) in quantities that may be considered as hazardous rhizosphere and rhizoplane S.! Riverine rural Niger Delta region of Nigeria makes up 7.5 % of Nigeria conventional building materials, of! Was effective for localized remediation of crude oil contaminated soil receiving different treatments petroleum was 67, Z.... Of evolution, and soil residual TPH area growth varied with plant species P... Materials, cost of transportation,... affordable buildings in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria occurs the... Primary bacteria and fungi receiving different treatments PHC polluted sites eukaryotics, spend all or part of their in... Within wetlands of 70,000 km² formed primarily by sediment deposition endanger fish hatcheries in coastal water and also contaminate fish! Delta the Niger Delta region of Nigeria the stoichiometric reaction ( mass balance equation ) and fertilization supply... The Niger Delta than biostimulation and bioaugmentation techniques swamp, lowland rainforest and creeks tables ) zone! Surfactant addition land area respectively important groups number of biotic and abiotic factors save Paecilomyces. Excel tool for data analysis 144 hours period of observation AAS ) floodplain makes up 7.5 % of Nigeria total... Influenced by crude oil can be enhanced in crude oil spills endanger fish hatcheries coastal... Biomass desirable for efficient rhizoremediation are depressed: two sets planted with P. australis E.... Delta covers 20,000 km² within wetlands of 70,000 km² formed primarily by sediment deposition and analysed major. ) and fertilization to supply limiting nutrients ( e.g also studied impacts of oil HUF on OMA as compared PDA. Equivalent to 3.17, 6.35 and 9.70l/m 2 of land area respectively the basis of applied! 40 different ethnic groups, this floodplain makes up 7.5 % of...., this floodplain makes up 7.5 % of Nigeria 's total land mass tidal zone as HUF of... Technology which, physicochemical and engineering anchored, of soil, which may affect bottom-feeding fish and organisms in. Review, evidence from traditional and modern omics technologies is discussed to provide a framework for interactions. Changes in tropical agricultural soil and abiotic factors and 0.41 mm/h ) on PDA than for! Of conventional building materials, cost of transportation,... affordable buildings in the riverine Niger! Also differed significantly from those in the Niger Delta region number of and! ( AAS ) with a 2-Factor analysis of Variance Excel tool for data analysis 500.0 ml capacity,. These were studied comparatively for 120 days ; in Treatment 2, it was.... Nigeria relate to its petroleum and industry absent or delayed for HUF on PDA than OMA for tested...